Desk cable clutter usually comes from two places: hidden slack below the desk and daily charging cables on top of it. Solve both zones separately.
An under-desk tray can hold power strips and adapters, while clips keep the cords you use every day from falling behind the desk.
Start with the worst zone
If the floor is messy, start below the desk. If the top surface is messy, start with clips and a charging station. Small desk setups work best when cable storage and daily cable access are handled separately.